- Structural masonry analysis: recent developments and prospects
- P.B. Lourenço ;
- Book Title / Journal: 14th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Sydney, Australia
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Finite Element Micro-Modeling of Infilled Frames
- P.G. Asteris
- Book Title / Journal: Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering
- Year: 2008 , Volume: 8 , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
- Keywords: Infilled Frame ; contact stress ; masonry frame
PDF |
- Architectural characterisation and prevalence of New Zealand's unreinforced masonry building stock
- A.P. Russell ; J.M. Ingham
- 2008 NZSEE Conference Proceedings, Paper 36
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Time-History Analysis for Unreinforced Masonry Walls in Two-way Bending
- J. Vaculik ; M.C. Griffith
- Book Title / Journal: 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures ; Earthquake engineering
- Keywords: unreinforced masonry ; hysteresis model
- Description
- Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls have been traditionally perceived to possess very little displacement capacity with respect to out-of-plane loading. This view, which has arisen due to low tensile strength of URM and therefore small displacements at which such walls begin to crack, has led to the widespread misconception among engineers that such walls possess no ductility and perform poorly under earthquake loading. However,
both theoretical and experimental research have in fact shown that URM walls have the capacity to undergo significant deformations before collapse occurs, due to the rigid block action and frictional resistance mechanisms present in such walls. In addition, walls supported at their vertical edges have been shown to possess good energy dissipation characteristics which is further beneficial to seismic resistance. This paper presents a time history analysis model developed for simulating the dynamic response of URM walls subjected to out-of-plane loading. The hysteresis model incorporated into the analysis is capable of representing the nonlinear load versus displacement behaviour of walls with a range of boundary conditions that include one-way and two-way walls. The various parameters in the model can be calculated as a function of the properties of the URM wall, including the dimensions, material properties, axial loading and boundary support conditions. Comparisons of the analytical model with experimental shaketable tests show promising results.
PDF |
- Modeling of Masonry Infill Panels for Dynamic Analysis
- W. Basiouny ; A. Ghobarah
- Book Title / Journal: 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures ; Earthquake engineering
- Keywords: Infilled frames ; Reinforced Concrete ; Finite elements
- Description
- The performance of reinforced concrete (RC) infilled frames during earthquakes shows that the behaviour is very much dependent on the performance and mode of failure of the infill masonry walls. The concrete frame may fail as a consequence of the infill wall failure before reaching the bare frame load resistance levels. Even though frameinfill interaction has sometimes led to undesirable structural performance, recent studies have shown that a properly designed infilled frame can be superior to a bare frame in terms of stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation. The objective of this paper is to present a new finite element model based on prescribed failure planes in the infill panels, where Drucker-Prager failure criterion is used to simulate the behaviour of masonry. Interface elements are
used to describe the behaviour of masonry panel along the prescribed failure planes. The elasto-plastic behaviour of mortar and cracked masonry along the failure planes are considered in the analysis. The proposed model was incorporated in a generic nonlinear structural analysis program for static and dynamic analysis of masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames. Simulations of experimental force-deformation behaviour of large scale infilled frame are performed to validate the proposed model.
PDF |
- Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis of Masonry Combined Systems
- N. Augenti ; F. Parisi
- Book Title / Journal: 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structural Analysis ; Structure types ; Masonry Structures ; Earthquake engineering
- Keywords: 3D seismic analysis ; non-uniform torsion theory ; Masonry Combined Systems
- Description
- Recent numerical analyses on some types of planar Masonry Combined Systems (MCSs) showed a great
variability of the lateral stiffness along the height, following to the mutual interaction between different parallel structural elements. This may induce significant eccentricities between centre of mass and centre of rigidity, in addition to the ones potentially due to U-shaped walls placed at the perimeter of the building or to irregular in-plan frame-wall dual systems. The mixed structure of the building becomes dramatically prone to damage
due to twist-induced displacements, so a 3D seismic analysis is required to account for its torsional response. In this paper a matrix algorithm for seismic analysis of structural systems formed by masonry or Reinforced Concrete (RC) shear walls (with or without openings), frames and structural cores, is proposed. Such lateral load-resisting elements are considered to be arbitrarily arranged in plan and subjected to a generic pattern of horizontal forces. The torsional stiffness matrix of the cores is built up by means of the non-uniform torsion theory and the stiffness matrix of the whole mixed structure is subsequently defined. The presented analytical formulation provides a good prediction of the seismic behaviour of torsionally
eccentric buildings with MCSs, and allow to evaluate strength and displacement demands.
PDF |
- Long term compressive testing of masonry – test procedure and practical experience.
- L. Binda ; L Schueremans ; E. Verstrynge ; S. Ignoul ; D.V. Oliveira ; P.B. Lourenço ; C. Modena
- Book Title / Journal: In D. D’Ayala & E. Fodde (eds.), Structural Analysis of Historic Construction, Taylor & Francis Group, London,
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
- Description
- The sudden collapses in Italy (Civic Tower of Pavia 1989, Noto Cathedral, 1996) initiated the research into long term behaviour of historical masonry structures. Last decade, international ad hoc collaboration was established within several research inatitutes in Europe. The testing on masonry samples identified the creep behaviour as a possible cause of the collapse of historical masonry buildings. Secondly, research focused on the study of the factors affecting creep (rate of loading, stress level,..) and efforts were made to set up the most suitable testing procedures to understand the phenomenon. The gained insight in the long term behaviour and its description by means of rheological models, is validated mainly by means of long term testing, identifying significant parameters (strain rate of secondary creep phase, damage parameters…).
PDF |
- Blended lime-cement mortars for conservation purposes: Microstructure and strength development
- O. Cizer ; K. Van Balen ; D. Van Gemert ; J. Elsen
- Book Title / Journal: In D. D’Ayala & E. Fodde (eds.), Structural Analysis of Historic Construction, Taylor & Francis Group, London,
- Year: 2008 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
- Description
- Blended lime-cement mortars are commonly used in conservation practices even though they
may show lack of adequate strength and durability for certain cement-lime compositions. This paper focuses
on understanding the hardening reactions and their influence on the strength development, microstructure and
porosity for the cement-lime mortars in various compositions. Mortars composed of 30%, 50% and 70% cement replacement with lime hydrate and lime putty by mass were studied. Cement hydration has been found to contribute to the early stage strength development while carbonation is mostly favoured after 3 days and contributes
to the strength development until 180 days. The degree of carbonation is much more pronounced with increasing
lime content and porosity of the mortars and the reaction is still in progress at 90 days. All the blended mortars
revealed lower compressive and flexural strength than that of the reference cement mortar due to their lower
cement content and higher porosity. Long-term compressive strength development has been achieved after 180
days while flexural strength for certain mortar compositions does not increase beyond 28 days. Unlike cement
mortar, the mortars blended with lime hydrate and lime putty exhibit an elastic-plastic deformation before failure
occurs, which is preferred for repair mortars to adapt to differential settlements and to allow more deformation
under critical stresses in the masonry.
PDF |
- Assessment of the material properties of New Zealand's unreinforced masonry building stock
- A.P. Russell ; J.M. Ingham ; H. Mahmood
- Third International Conference on Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, Cape Town, South Africa, A. Zingone (ed.) Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation 3, pages 1623-1628.
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Seismic Strengthening of Rocking-Critical Masonry Piers
- D.C. Rai ; S. Goel
- Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, pp. 1445-1452
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Evaluation of safety of pointed masonry arches through the Static Theorem of Limit Analysis
- E. De Rosa ; F. Galizia
- ARCH'07: 5th International Conference on Arch Bridges, Multicomp, Lda Publishers, Madeira, pages 659- 668
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- The Development of In-Situ Stress in Masonry Tunnels
- T.G. Hughes ; L. Wu
- ARCH'07: 5th International Conference on Arch Bridges, Multicomp, Lda Publishers, Madeira, pp. 389-396
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Composition study of a mortar appropriate for masonry cavities and joints
- G. Vasconcelos ; P.B. Lourenco ; G. Mohamad ; V.G. Haach
- 10th North American Masonry Conference, St. Luis, Missouri, USA, pp. 530-541
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Triaxial compression tests on bedding mortar samples looking at confinement effect analysis
- P.B. Lourenco ; G. Mohamad ; J.B. Hanai ; C.S. Barbosa
- 10th North American Masonry Conference, St. Luis, Missouri, USA, pp. 992-1002
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
- Mechanics of hollow concrete block masonry prisms under compression: Review and prospects
- P.B. Lourenco ; G. Mohamad
- Cement & Concrete Composites 29, pp. 181?192. Elsevier Ltd
- Book Title / Journal:
- Year: 2007 , Volume: , Series:
- Structure types ; Masonry Structures
PDF |
